A

Acetamide MEA - a protein which occurs naturally in the skin and assists the long fiber proteins of collagen and elastin to glide as they work. It also binds water in the spaces between skin, which holds the cells together.
Acetate – Salt of acetic acid (Solvent for gums, resins, and volatile oils. Occurs naturally in apples, cheese, cocoa, coffee, grapes, skim milk, oranges, peaches, pineapples, strawberries, etc.)
Albumen – Albumen is found in egg-whites. It is a protein and skin-tightener.
Alkali – A substance is regarded as an alkali if it gives hydroxyl ions in solution. An alkaline aqueous solution is one with a pH greater than 7. It can be used to neutralize excess acidity in cosmetics.
Allantoin – Allantion is a derivative of the herb Comfrey, which is known for its soothing and smoothing properties. This vital "anti-aging" attribute of Kinetin also appears to extend to our skin cells.
Almonds – Almonds are a non-greasy tree nut whose chemical composition is the closest natural biologic to the formulation of human baby sebum (skin). Products created with almond essential oil are the best to renew skins natural oils thereby aiding in maintaining healthy skin.
Aloe – The gel from the center of Aloe leaves has been used for thousands of years. Aloe is a superb soother, emollient, skin conditioning agent, external analgesic, and humectant. It is very beneficial to dry, chapped, and damaged skin and hair.
Alpha Hydroxy Acids – Alpha Hydroxy Acid is a natural, non-toxin substance found in foods and plants. In many skin conditions there is too much thickening of the stratum corneum which is the outer dead layer of skin. Alpha Hydroxy works as fruit acid that soften the "physiological glue" that holds the skin dead cells surface together. Without a build-up of this unused skin surface, the skin can become healthier, youthful, and damage skin can diminished.
Alumina - Alumina is a element with high reflective properties and resistance to oxidation. In Paphos Skincare products precious Rubies are minutely ground and added to the product to create corundum to renew the skin without harsh chemicals.
Amidopropyl Phosphotidyl PG Dimonium Chloride & Milkamidopropyl Betaine - are milk amino acids derived from pure cow's milk. The high moisture properties in milk amino acids help minimize dry skin conditions.
Amino Acids – The body’s building blocks, from which proteins are constructed. Widely used in moisturizers and emollients because they are thought to help penetrate the skin.
Ammonium Laurel Sulfate - the ammonium salt of lauryl sulfate derived from natural coconut alcohols. It is a mild anionic surfactant cleanser with mild pH values.
Apple Juice (Pectin) – Apple juice is used as a clarifying agent, emulsifier, and thickener in shampoo.
Apricot – Apricot oil is extracted from the fleshy inner part of the stone. Also known as persic oil, it is very similar in its rich, emollient properties to almond oil.
Arachidyl Behenyl Alcohols & Arachidylglucoside - an emulsifier derived from glucose extracted from corn and a fatty phase extracted from grape seed oil. There is no ethylene oxide.
Ascorbic Acid – Ascorbic Acid is an antioxidant and a preservative derived from fruits.
Ascorbyl Palmitate - (Vitamin C) is an active free-radical scavenger, which is also capable of reducing melanin to a colorless substance, combating excessive pigmentation.
Avocado – Oil from seed and pulp of the avocado is used in creams, lotions, and hair preparations. Avocado has been found to significantly increase the water-soluble collagen content in the skin.

B

Babassu – A non-drying edible oil expressed from the kernels of the Babassu palm, grown in Brazil.
Balsam – The natural exudates from tree or plant.
Basil – Basil is a member of the mint family with anti-bacterial soothing properties with a strong but not overpowering aromatic effect.
Bay Laurel – A tree from the laurel family, native to southern Europe. According to herbalists, every part of the tree has healing properties.
Beeswax – A product of the honeycomb, beeswax is very beneficial when applied to the skin. It locks in moisture, allowing the skin to remain hydrated. Beeswax has anti-inflammatory properties and is often included in formulas designed to promote healthy skin.
Behenamidopropyl Hydroxyethyl Dimonium Chloride - a moisturizing wax that is naturally derived from grapeseed oil. Its benefits include the wet combing properties and the soft feel it gives the hair while washing off easily and not leaving the hair weighed down.
Bentonite – A white clay found in Midwestern U.S. and Canada. Used to thicken lotions, to suspend make up pigments, and to emulsify oils.
Betaglucans – Polysaccharides that yield sugars (glucose) on hydrolysis when exposed to water treatment. Betaglucan is in cellulose and is found in edibles like oat fiber and barley. Used as a thickener and as a skin conditioner.
Blood Orange - an essential oil known for its signature sweet citrus bouquet.
Blue Chamomile – Blue (or German) Chamomile is the finest quality Chamomile and very high in alpha-bisabolol, whereas the other types are low in this component and very high in bisabolol oxide A.
Blue-green Algae – Blue-green Algae provides essential fatty acids, proteins, complex sugars, vitamins, minerals, and essential amino acids.
Borage Oil – (Borago Officinalis) Borage is a nutrient-dense oil high in gamma-linoleic acid, also found in human breast milk. It is an excellent treatment for dry or mature skin, acne, rosacea, dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, and other skin problems. Contains potassium and calcium and has emollient properties.

C

Calamine – Calamine is a Natural mineral that acts as an astringent and skin-protector. Calamine is known for its skin-soothing properties.
Calendula – Calendula is one of the most effective healers and skin tonics aiding everything from acne and rosacea to eczema and psoriasis. It is a soothing herb that repairs dry, damaged skin, prevents premature aging, aids in the treatment of bruises, spider veins, boils, sores, burns, wrinkles, swelling, and stretch marks, and more.
Calophyllum Inophyllum - a cold processed, pale green vegetable oil found in Madagascar, Hawaii and Tahiti. Traditionally this oil has been used to treat skin conditions such as burns and rashes due to its ability to strengthen connective tissues.
Camphor – Derived from the Camphor tree, Camphor is a preservative with cooling and stimulating properties.
Caprylic/Capric Triglycerides - a vegetable skin conditioner derived from coconut oil.
Capryloyl glycin - a lipoaminoacid derived from coconut oil whose structure resembles that of natural lipoaminoacids found in living organisms. Its presence is critical in the process of skin metabolism.
Carbomer (Carbopol. Carboxypolymethylene) – A white powder, slightly acidic, that reacts with fat particles to form thick, stable emulsions of oils in water. Used as thickening, suspending, dispersing, and emulsifying ingredients in the cosmetic field.
Carrot – Carrot oil is rich in beta carotene, antioxidants, vitamins A, E and C. It can effectively treat dry, mature skin, prevent and treat wrinkles, sagging skin, stretch marks, sun damage, roseacea, and under-eye swelling. Carrot is an extremely nourishing moisturizer that helps repair damaged skin cells and rebuild cell tissue.
Castor Oil – Castor Oil is soothing to skin, rich emollient, and has good cleansing properties.
Cedar – (Cedrus Atlantica) The oil from white, red, or various cedars obtained by distillation from fresh leaves and branches. Warm woody scent, used frequently as a substitute for lavender oil.
Cetearyl Alcohol - are fatty alcohols which can be animal, vegetable or petrochemically derived. Naturopathica Cetearyl alcohols are extracted from vegetable oils such as palm and coconut oil and are used as an emulsifier, emollient and thickener in creams.
Cetearyl Glucose - a glucolipid of vegetable origin, the glucose is extracted from the corn and the fat that is extracted from coconut oil. It has wide ranging emulsification capacities as well as the ability to promote skin moisturization by limiting transepidermal water loss.
Centella (Asiaticoside) – A member of the Umbrelliferae family like celery, the active principle is asiaticoside. It has wound healing properties.
Cetyl Alcohol – Cetyl Alcohol is a fatty acid from coconut oil.
Chamomile – Chamomile is an herb that is an excellent healer, soother, calmer, and emollient.
Chelating Ingredient – Any compound, usually that binds and precipitates metals, which removes trace metals.
Cholecalciferol – Cholecalciferol is Vitamin D3. It helps retain even skin color.
Citric Acid – One of the most widely used acids in the cosmetic industry, it is derived from citrus fruit by fermentation of crude sugars. Used as a preservative and sequestering ingredient to adjust acid-alkali balance, as a foam inhibitor, and plasticizer.
Cholic Acid - a sebum controlling agent derived from saponins.
Clary Sage (Salvia sclarea) - an essential oil best known for bringing states of euphoria or deep relaxation due to the narcotic-like effects of the ester chemical compounds.
Clay – Clays draw impurities from the skin. It is great for detoxifying, removing blemishes and cleansing pores.
CO2 Extraction – A patented method to remove (extract) the essential oils from biologic substances such as almonds, wheat germ, tomatoes, olives, etc. Unlike the commonly used method which utilizes a centrifuge and adds solvents to perform extraction. The CO2 method uses Supercritical CO2 (Carbon Dioxide Gas – the “fizz” in spring water), which results in a completely natural, pure essential oil – no residual solvents ever remain.
Cocamidopropyl Betaine - used as a cleansing agent it is derived from natural salts from coconut oil.
Cocamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine - a mild plant-derived amphoteric surfactant considered an essential ingredients for the delivery of conditioning agents to the hair.
Cocamidopropyl Phosphatidyl Pg-Dimonium Chloride - a phospholipid complex derived from pure coconut oil. It is completely compatible with the natural lipids (fats) found in the epidermal layers of the skin. It has a broad range of functions for gentle cleansing, skin conditioning and anti-microbial.
Cocoa Butter – This pale yellow, hard, brittle fat from cocoa beans has an odor of chocolate. Used in many foods, most notably chocolate, cocoa butter is also found in cosmetics and soaps. It makes a rich moisturizer and cleansing agent.
Collagen – Collagen is the primary beauty nutrient in the body. Collagen is needed for the strength and support your skin requires to fight wrinkles and retain its youthful resiliency.
Coneflower Extract - commonly known as Echinacea and is very effective topically as a skin tonic to dilate peripheral blood vessels and reduce inflammation.
Cucumber – Cucumber is known for its astringent and soothing properties. It is also an anti-inflammatory agent (slices placed over puffy eyes can reduce swelling).
Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) - rich in terpene hydrocarbons (70%) this oil is an excellent decongestant for veins and lymphatic system.

D

Decyl Glucoside – Vegetable Foaming Agent. An intermediate for surface-active ingredients. Occurs naturally in sweet orange and ambrette seed. Derived commercially from liquid paraffin. No Known toxicity for the skin.
Deionized Water – Deionized water is water with the ions removed. When water is deionized most of the dissolved solids in the water are removed by the ion-exchange process. The resulting water is almost completely pure.
Diatomaceous Earth – (Kieselguhr) A porous and relatively pure form of silica formed from fossil remains of diatoms- one-celled algae with shells. Used as a clarifying ingredient, and as an absorbent for liquids because it can absorb about 4 times its weight in water.
Dimethicone Copolyol – A silicone oil, white, viscous, used as an ointment base ingredient, as a topical drug vehicle, and as a skin protectant.
Dipalmitoyl Hydroxyproline - a botanical derived active substance which rejuvenates the skin and combats the signs of aging. It stimulates the contraction of collagen fibers, protects elastic fibers against enzyme breakdown and assists in scavenging free radicals.
Disodium Laureth Sulfosuccinate - a vegetable derived (coconut), versatile personal care raw material combining optimum performance with excellent foaming characteristics.

E

Echinacea – Echinacea is a versatile and powerful herb that is a potent natural antibiotic.
Elder Flower – Elder Flower is used in eye and skin creams for its astringent properties.
Emollients – Cream, lotion, skin softener, moisturizer, any product designed to help make the skin feel softer and smoother and to reduce roughness, cracking, and irritation of the skin, and possibly help retard fine wrinkles of aging. Most emollients today are a mixture of oils. If the oils have a low melting point, the emollient will feel greasy; with a high melting pint, it disappears from the skin. Because emollients are usually colorless, and seem to be absorbed rapidly, they are called vanishing creams.
Emulsion – What is formed when two or more non-mixable liquids are shaken so thoroughly together that the mixture continues to appear to be homogenized.
Ester – A compound formed from an alcohol and an acid by elimination of water.
Eucalyptus Oil – Eucalyptus Oil is derived from the Eucalyptus Tree. It is known for its antiseptic action.
Evening Primrose – Evening Primrose is a nutrient oil high in GLA - Gamma Linolenic Acid (Omega 6). It is a valuable emollient and skin conditioning agent high in essential fatty acids and extremely useful for skin and scalp. It is also known for its hormone- balancing properties.
Everlasting (Helichrysum italicum) - high content of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (30%) gives this oil potent anti-inflammatory and cell regenerative effects.

F

Fructans (beta-D) - just as glucans are glucose polymers (i.e. chains of glucose molecules like starch and cellulose), the more soluble fructans are polymers of fructose molecules. The "beta" refers to the special configuration of the bond between the fructan units, responsible for the physical and chemical properties of the glucan. Some plants use fructans as the predominant storage carbohydrate instead of starch, which is more frequent in the plant kingdom. Plants that accumulate fructan, instead of starch, are more resistant to drought or cold. In skincare, beta-D fructans condition, help retain moisture, and strengthen the immune system by providing the cell membranes with an optimum medium in which to synthesize new components.
Fruit Oils – Pure, cold pressed or expressed fruit oils are highly emollient and moisturizing, light and easily absorbed. They are also high in nutrients and vitamins A and E, beta carotene, and essential fatty acids.

G

Garlic – Garlic is a natural detoxifier and cleanser.
German Chamomile (Matricaria recutita) - an essential oil prized for its anti-inflammatory properties due to its primary chemical constituent, azulene bisabolol which gives it its bright blue color. Also calming to the mind and sedative to the central nervous system.
Ginseng – Ginseng is used as a liquid or powder from ginseng root. It contains anti-wrinkle properties and is an extremely good skin conditioner, cleanser and rejuvenator.
Glucosamine (beta-D) - a major amino sugar. Amino sugars are important components of glycoproteins, glucosphingolipids, glycosaminoglycans. Being a smaller molecule than its biochemical offspring, (e.g. chitin or NaPCA or mucin), beta-glucosamine penetrates more deeply and is therefore more profound in its effects. Besides its role as a "building block," beta-glucosamine is one of the many small molecular weight chemicals that make the natural moisturizing factor NMF. Microscopically, beta-glucosamine, applied topically alleviates skin dryness and facilitates exfoliation replacing smoothness for scales.
Glycerin – Any by-product of soap manufacture, it is a sweet, oily fluid obtained by adding alkalies to fats and fixed oils. It absorbs moisture from the air and therefore, helps keep moisture in creams and other products.
Glucose Oxidase - a non-irritant active ingredient with anti-macrobial activities. It promotes normalization of skin sebum production. Excellent for acneic skin conditions; significantly reduces blackheads.
Glycerin - During the process of saponifying vegetable oil, soap and glycerin are produced. Glycerin is a threefold alcohol to be found in every fat. It is used as a humectant and regulates the absorption and release of water in the skin.
Glyceryl Polyacrylate - Glycerin and Glyceryl Polyacrylate are a glycol-free glycerin clathrate characterized by its good stability and lubrication properties and its excellent moisturizing qualities. It is the result of research efforts on lipochemical derivatives and is based on natural kosher glycerin found in all triglycerides.
Glycerol Stearate - is a moisturizing agent derived from palm kernels.
Glycolic Acid – Glycolic Acid is a member of the Alpha Hydroxy Acids family, derived from sugar cane. It is one of the most effective AHAs because it works the quickest and penetrates skin the deepest for fast results.
Grand Fir - an essential oil that is a member of the pine family, known for its emotional effects on the brain to boost awareness and fight fatigue.
Grapefruit Seed Extract – Grapefruit Seed oil is used as a natural cosmetic preservative.
Grapeseed Oil – Grapeseed is a light, very easily absorbed oil and a rich source of linoleic acid (Omega 6). Pressed from the seeds of grapes, this is one of the most powerful antioxidants with bioflavonoids superior to most because they are water-soluble, making them much easier for the body to absorb. Grapeseed oil has been known to prevent and treat free-radical damage, sun damage, and the effects of pollution.
Green Tea – Green Tea is a very powerful natural anti-oxidant (20 times stronger than Vitamin E) that reduces inflammation when used topically, revitalizes the skin and prevents damage from environment, sun, and free-radicals.

H

Henna – Henna is a vegetable dye made by grinding the henna plant’s leaves and stems into a powder. Traditionally, it imparts a reddish cast to the hair by coating it. Clear henna enhances shine. Henna cannot be dyed over since it coats the outer hair shaft, affecting the penetration of the chemical colorant.
Honey – Honey acts as a natural sealant, holding moisture and shine in the hair and skin.
Horsetail – Horsetail is an herb that gives the skin a firmer, youthful and smoother look. Horsetail improves elasticity, giving skin the ability to spring back into shape.
Humectant – A substance used to preserve the moisture content of materials.
Hyaluronic Acid – A natural protein found in umbilical cords, sperm, testes, and the fluids around the joints. Used as a cosmetic oil. If there is a lot of swelling, cosmetics containing this ingredient may help because it absorbs moisture, according to some dermatologist. No known toxicity.
Hydrogenated Lecithin - Lecithin is a naturally occurring mixture of stearic, palmitic and oleic compounds used as an emulsifier and surfactant. It is high in B vitamins, found in egg yolks and manufactured in soy oil. Lecithin is a phospholipid and one of the most important components of the cell as it plays a vital role in cell metabolism. Hydrogenated lecithin is stabilized by adding a hydrogen molecule.
Hydrolyzed Keratin – Hydrolyzed Keratin is a protein for the hair derived from non-animal sources.
Hydrolyzed Wheat Protein and Wheat Oligosaccharides - this vegetable derived complex exhibits a unique and powerful moisture-balancing action that enables protein to control the moisture content of the hair, thereby providing exceptionally better body, especially for chemically treated hair.
Hydroxymethylcellulose – Thickener and bodying ingredient derived from plants. Used to thicken cosmetics and as a setting aid in hair products.

J

Jasmine (Jasminium grandiflorum) - an essential oil prized for its sweet, uplifting and aphrodiasiac qualities.
Jasmine Alcohol - a fatty alcohol derived from plants that acts as a preservative.
Jojoba Oil – Although it is called oil, Jojoba Oil is actually a liquid plant wax from the seeds. With an indefinite shelf life and its chemical similarity to sebum, it is a valuable skin and hair care oil. It helps the desert jojoba plant retain water during drought. Jojoba not only acts as a humectant, but actually creates a protective film over the skin and hair that keeps moisture in. It does not clog pores.
Juniper – Berries from the Juniper tree are a natural antiseptic and toner. They also relieve inflammation.

K

Kaolin – see clay
Keratin – Keratin is a natural protein. It adds gloss and body to the hair.
Kola Nut – Kola is a natural source of energy and stimulation that stimulates the activity of the sebaceous glands, and the blood capillaries.

L

L-mandelic Acid - a gentle exfoliant derived from almonds with antibacterial properties.
Lactic Acid – Used in skin fresheners. Odorless, colorless, usually a syrupy product normally present in blood and muscle tissue as a product of the metabolism of glucose and glycogen. Present in sour milk, beer, sauerkraut, pickles, and other food products made by bacterial fermentation. In cosmetic products it may cause stinging in sensitive people, particularly fair-skinned women.
Lactoferrin & Lactoperoxidase - part of a complex of enzymes derived from sugar and whey, which have a remarkable effect on the skin in helping to regulate sebum production and support the skin's natural immune system. They are a non-active ingredient with anti-microbial activity.
Lauryl Polyglucose - a mild surfactant derived from corn.
Lavender – Lavender is used to stimulate and cleanse. The aroma of the blossom is known to relieve tension and promote feelings of calm.
Lecithin – Derived from soybeans, Lecithin is an emulsifying, dispersing, antioxidant, penetrating agent. It is a great skin conditioner.
Lemon – Lemon is a natural exfoliate, toner, and skin freshener. It is great for balancing and refreshing both dry and oily skin.
Lemon Verbena (Lippia citriodora) - a calming, antidepressant oil
Lime - an essential oil useful for its uplifting, anti-depressant qualities.
Linden Blossom - an essential oil with an uplifting, sensual lemon and floral Bouquet. Useful in treating depression and is traditionally known to soothe and soften dry skin.
Linoleic Acid - an emulsifier of essential fatty acids prepared from fats and oils and which add texture, body and manageability to the hair.
Linoleamidopropyl Phosphatidyl Pg-Dimonium Chloride - is a plant phospholipid derived from pure safflower oil. The human body contains phospholipids which produce glycerin and fatty acids in the epidermis to keep the skin soft and smooth. They also prevent moisture loss from the cell walls.
Litsea Cubeba (May Chang) - a citrus essential oil, valued for its high content of citrol which makes it antiviral and regenerative.
Lycopene - this carotenoid is the antioxidant "heart" of tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum, and responsible for the many health benefits of tomato (tomato eaters have lower risk of several types of cancer).

M

Magnesium Aluminum Silicate – A silver-white, light malleable metal that occurs abundantly in nature and is widely used in combination with various chemicals as a powder. It is primarily used as a thickener in cosmetics.
Magnesium Sulfate - Epsom salts.
Malic Acid - this hydroxy acid is present in apples, strawberries, apricot and many other fruits. It is an excellent exfolliant but also antibacterial and antiseptic.
Mandelic Acid - extracted from almonds (Prunus amygdalus dulcis) and is used as a gentle exfoliant. It is also anti-bacterial.
Meadowsweet - rich in vitamin C, this herb contains salicylic and citric acids.
Methyl Paraben – (Methyl p-Hydroxybenzoate) One of the most widely used preservatives in cosmetics, it has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and is relatively nonirritating, nonsensitizing, and nonpoisonous. It is stable over the acid-alkalinity range of most cosmetics and is sufficiently soluble in water to produce the effective concentration in the water phase. Methylchloroisothiazolinone – A preservative used in hair, skin, and bath products that was taken from industry to replace formaldehyde.
Methylisothiazolinone – Widely used with methylchloroisonthiazolinone as a preservative in shampoos to replace formaldehyde.
Methylparaben – Methylparaben is a very effective antimicrobial, anti-irritant, and preservative, it has been found to be extremely useful in various types of cosmetics and food products. It is a food-grade preservative, derived from the palm leaf, which is used to ensure shelf life and hygienic stability. It is non-irritating and non-toxic and is effective against a wide range of bacteria and fungi.
Methy Glucose Sesquistearate - an antioxidant derived from vegetable protein.
Methylsilanol Carboxymethyl Theophylline Alginate - methylsilanol, an organic derivative of silicon, activates lipolysis which opposes the storage of unsaturated fatty acid. Theophylline alginate is a natural extract of green tea and stimulates the fat cells to release the build-up of unwanted toxins. This complex is used for anti-cellulite properties.
Milk Amino Acids - are derived from pure cow's milk and help protect skin with its high moisturization properties.
Mint – Mint is used for cleansing and stimulating the skin tissue.
Moss Extract - from mosses (Phyllum Bryophyta) has sebum regulating and healing properties.
Mucopolysaccharides - widely distributed in the human body (as well as in the cells of plants), mucopolysaccharides bind with water to form the thick, jelly-like material that cements cells together and lubricates the joints. These plant-derived mucopolysaccharides are used to add body, moisture and shine to hair.
Myristamine Oxide - a mild surfactant derived from soybean.

N

Neem – Derived from a plant found in India, Neem oil is antibacterial, nourishing and helps the skin to retain moisture.
Nettle – Sometimes called "stinging nettle," this herb is known to nourish energy in nerves and the circulatory system and contains high amounts of vitamins C, D, A, and K. It is also an excellent source of silica.

O

Oats – Oatmeal is soothing, cleansing, mildly exfoliating, gentle, and moisturizing. Oats ease skin problems such as eczema, psoriasis, and acne, even out skin tone, reduce redness and inflammation. Oat Oil is a powerful antioxidant and emollient.
Oat Beta Glucan - a super-moisturizer similar in efficacy to hyalyronic acid or sodium hyaluronate as it forms a thin invisible film to help retention of moisture within the skin. It also provides excellent anti-inflammatory properties. Laboratory experiments indicate that oat beta glucan appears to stimulate the immune system, right down to the cell level. It protects against UV-A induced oxidative stress, reduces trans-epidermal water loss and restores skin function.
Olive Leaf – Olive leaf is a potent antioxidant, moisturizer, and skin smoother, rich in vitamins and minerals. It is absorbed and utilized easily.
Olive Oil – Emollients containing olive oil are useful in helping dry skin, as they slow the loss of water through the skin layers. Maintaining adequate moisture can relieve the pain of dry skin and reduce scaling and inflammation, without causing adverse side effects. Preparations containing olive oil work best because they lock the water into the skin. (Oleic Acid = Olive Oil)
Orange Blossom – Orange Blossom is a natural extract that tones and tightens pores.

P

Panthenol – Panthenol is part of the Vitamin B group (Pro-vitamin B5). It is of particular value in hair care products. It is readily absorbed into the hair shaft, giving excellent moisture control and imparting gloss and sheen.
Parabens – The parabens, methyl-, proply-, and parahydroxybenzoate, are the most commonly used preservatives in the U.S. Water is the only ingredient used more frequently in cosmetics. Parabens have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activety, are safe to use- relatively nonirritating, nonsensitizing, and nonpoisonous- are stable over the pH range in cosmetics, and are sufficiently soluble in water to be effective in liquids.
Paraffin – Obtained from the distillate of wood, coal, petroleum, or shale oil.
Peppermint Oil – Derived from Peppermint leaves, Peppermint Oil is soothing and cleansing. It is known for its fresh, clean fragrance. High menthol and menthone content make this oil a stimulant for circulation as well as an antispasmodic for nausea and cramps.
Phenol – (Carbolic Acid) Obtained from coal tar. It is a general disinfectant and anesthetic for the skin. Very dangerous if ingested.
Phenyl Butyl Nitrone - a potent anti-oxidant derived from nitrogen.
Phospholipids – Complex fat substances found in all living cells. Contain phosphoric acid and nitrogen, and are soluble in the usual fat solvents. Used in moisturizers because they bind water and hold it in place.
Pineapple Enzymes - extracted from Ananas comosus, contains the digesting enzyme bromelain, anti-inflammatory, hydrolyzes proteins at precise points and eliminates dead cells, improving skin texture.
Pipecolic Acid (L-) - present in Vicia faba (broadbean) Vigna angularis (Adzuki bean), Zingiber officinalis (ginger) and other plants, this amino acid helps the skin to retain its moisture.
Pomegranate Extract - extracted from the fruit of Punica granatum. Contains betulinic acid, ellagic acid, gallic acid, malic acid, ursolic acid, polyphenols, all of these very active chemicals that together combine cancer preventive, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and many other beneficial properties.
Potassium Sorbate - a food grade yeast and mold inhibitor.
Potassium Thiocyanate - part of a complex of enzymes derived from sugar and whey. It is a non-irritant ingredient with anti-microbial activities that work to promote normalization of skin sebum.
Propylparaben – (Proply p-Hydroxybenzoate) The esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid are widely used in the cosmetic industry as preservatives and bacteria and fungus killers. They are active against a variety of organisms, are neutral, low in toxicity, slightly soluble, and active in all solutions, alkaline, neutral, or acid.
Propylene Glycol (naturally derived) - a vegetable glycerin mixed with grain alcohol.
Pumpkin – Pumpkin contains enzymes that exfoliate dead skin cells while promoting skin repair. It cleans, conditions and moisturizes while helping to firm the skin. Pumpkin is also an excellent source of anti-oxidants, vitamins and other essential nutrients.

R

Ravensara – Nicknamed "the oil that heals" in its native Madagascar, this mildly scented essential oil has antimicrobial and tonic properties. Obtained by steam distillation from the leaf of the Ravensara tree, this gentle oil supports the immune system.
Red Wine Extract - rich in resveratrol, an anti-oxidant, radical scavenger, anti-inflammatory, vasodilator, which stimulates cellular proliferation and collagen synthesis. It also inhibits proteases and blocks the deleterious effects from UVB radiation.
Retinyl Palmitate – The ester of Vitamin A. Normalizes the skin's barrier properties.
Retinyl Palmitate Polypeptide - a polypeptide stabilized vitamin A palmitate complex, which provides enhanced stability and reduced toxicity for vitamins in cosmetic products.
Rice Powder – Powdered rice exfoliates without being overly rough.
Roman Chamomile (Anthemis nobilus) - an essential oil known for its sedative and anti-spasmodic properties. Useful in soothing irritated skin.
Rose (Rosa damascena) - an essential oil used for its calming, anti-inflammatory properties to tone the skin capillaries and reduce redness. Also used for its uplifting, anti-depressant effects on the limbic system of the brain.
Rose Hip – Rose Hip is renowned for its properties in treating scar tissue, acne, psoriasis, eczema, and blemishes. It is also useful for hyper-pigmentation. Super emollient, high in vitamin C, and linoleic acid, Rose Hip prevents infection, acts as a natural moisture barrier, tones, soothes, prevents infection, acts as a natural moisture barrier, treats skin damage, premature aging, and wrinkles.
Rosemary – Rosemary is an herb used to increase blood supply and stimulate circulation.

S

Sage – Sage is an astringent stimulating herb, good for circulation to skin tissues. It contains an estrogen-like active ingredient with a tightening effects on aging skin.
Salicylic Acid - occurs naturally in wintergreen leaves, licorice, marigold, sweet birch and other plants. Keratolytic, acne preventive, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, it improves the condition and appearance of the skin. Salicylic acid peels are particularly useful for patients with oily skin and open comedones.
Sea Algae Extract - a purified and recombined fractionation of Hawaiian sea plants. It is an excellent moisturizer that is extracted without the use of harsh chemicals. Leaves the skin feeling smoother, silkier. Studies show that sea algae extract demonstrated a significant thickening of the epidermis.
Sequestering Ingredient – A preservative that prevents physical or chemical changes affecting color, flavor, texture, or appearance of a product.
Shea Butter – Shea (Karite) Butter is from the fruit of an African tree. It is a rich and potent skin-softening treatment. A tiny amount makes a big difference in skin tone, moistness, softness and strength.
Shitake – Shitake is a natural antioxidant and rejuvenator. Like many other medicinal mushrooms, Shitake are being studied for their use in preventing cancer.
Simethicone – An antifoam compound, a silicone oil, white viscous liquid, used as an ointment base ingredient. A topical drug vehicle and skin protectant. No known toxicity.
Sodium Lauryl Amino Acids - A condensation product of lauric acid chloride and hydrolyzed protein used in soaps.
Sodium PCA – A naturally occurring component of human skin that is believed to be in part responsible for its moisture-binding capacity. It is highly water absorbing and at high humidity dissolves in its own water hydration. Application of this compound to the skin as a humecant is claimed to increase softness.
Sodium Hydroxymethylglycinate - a natural preservative derived from glycine. It is a non-essential amino acid (aminoacetic acid) which is synthesized naturally in the human body. It is also found in high protein plants such as beans.
Sorbitol - an emulsifier derived from seaweed.
Soy – Soybeans are a vital source of EFA (essential fatty acids) that has moisturizing effects on the skin and hair.
Squalane - a light-weight oil derived from olives, wheat germ or rice bran, squalane is also found in human sebum in quantities around 10%. Hydrogenation of olive-derived squalane gives it stability and enables its use in skin care. It is a luxurious, non-comedogenic, irritation-free oil that the skin readily absorbs due to its similarity to the skin's own sebum.
Stearyl Alcohol - a fatty alcohol derived from natural vegetable oils. Excellent lubrication for hair conditioners and shampoos.
Sugar – Sugar helps to slough dead skin. Mild sugars help rid the pores of dirt and toxins without stripping the skin.
Sulfur - biocide, skin-conditioning agent. Normalizes keratinization, prevents the exfoliated keratinocytes from sticking together, thus helping to eradicate existing comedones and preventing the formation of new ones.
Super Oxide Dismutase - a liposome carrier system that allows phospholipids and vitamins to deeply penetrate lower layers of the skin. They may help reduce or reverse free radical damage caused by smoking or stress.
Surfactants – These are wetting ingredients. They lower water’s surface tension, permitting it to spread out and penetrate more easily. These surface active ingredients are classified by whether or not they ionize in solution and by the nature of their electric charges. They are used for cosmetics where mildness is important such as in shampoos and lotions.

T

Tartaric Acid - a dicarboxylic acid present in tamarind, avocado and grape, it is the main acid in wine. Improves skin texture and tone.
Tea Tree Oil – Tea Tree Oil comes from the Melaleuca Alternifolia Tree. It is a natural antiseptic and healing agent.
Tetrasodium EDTA – (Sodium Edetate) Powdered sodium salt that reacts with metals. A sequestering ingredient and chelating ingredient used in cosmetic solutions.
Thyme – Thyme is an herb that provides antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiseptic, astringent, and fungicidal properties.
Titanium Dioxide - a white pigment used as an opacifier for sunscreens; miconized for easier spreadability.
Tocopherol – (Vitamin E) An antioxidant, obtained by the vacuum distillation of edible vegetable oils.
Triethanolamine – A coating ingredient for fresh fruit and vegetables and widely used in surfactants and as a dispersing ingredient and detergent in hand and body lotions, shaving creams, etc.

U

Undecylenoyl Glycin - a lipoaminoacid derived from coconut that is similar to structures naturally present in living organisms. Glycin is a major constituent of dermal structure proteins.

V

Vegetable Emulsifying Wax - a wax used to emulsify oil and water.
Vitamin A – Vitamin A helps increase skin elasticity to decrease fine lines and bring about healthier, supple skin.
Vitamin C – Vitamin C and/or Rose Hips helps neutralize free radical activity and promotes collagen synthesis.
Vitamin D - One of only three vitamins that are absorbed by the skin (the other two are vitamins A and E). Vitamin D is necessary for the reproduction of new skin cells.
Vitamin E – Vitamin E is known for its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant properties. Vitamin E helps trap free - radicals before they can damage skin cells
Vitamin Liposomes – Liposomes are vitamins within water cells. Highly penetrating, stable and potent, these vitamins act on the skin in gentle, more effective ways than the acid or simple fat-soluble forms.

W

Wheat Germ – The golden germ of the wheat is high in Vitamin E. Used to counteract dry skin.
Wheat Protein - extracted from Triticum aestivum L. Moisturizer, skin conditioner, the proteins link to the skin keratin forming a protective colloidal layer that shields the skin from external agents.
White Willow – This tree provides powerful, natural salicylic acid which treats acne, pain, inflammation, and is used as an antioxidant in natural formulations. Salicylic acid, when used in its natural, balanced form, is non-irritating and non-drying. Taken out of its natural context and made synthetically, it can severely dry out the skin.
Wild Cherry Bark Extract - from the bark of Prunus serotina. Contains, among other beneficial chemicals, kamepferol and quercetin. Particularly rich in scopoletin, which is an antimutagenic, antinflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant chemical
Witch Hazel – Witch Hazel improves skin tone, helps restore circulation and fights broken capillaries. This herb works as an astringent and is great for tired, sluggish, oily, dry, and infected skin.

X

Xanthan Gum – A gum produced by a pure culture fermentation of a carbohydrate with
Xanthomonas Campesttris – Also called corn sugar gum. Widely used as a thickener, an emulsifier, and a stabilizer. No known toxicity.

Y

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) - high chamazulene content gives this oil its anti-inflammatory and cell regenerating properties.
Ylang Ylang (Cananga Odorata) - a fragrant floral with sweet, uplifting notes. High ester content provides strong relaxing qualities.

Z

Zinc Oxide - a white pigment used as a sun protector that rests on top of the skin to reflect both UVA and UVB light. It has antimicrobial, preservative and water-repellent properties. It has no known toxicity.